This manual presents documentation methodology of violations of the rights of the accused through analyzing official documents of cases in Egyptian courts. It intends to monitor and analyze arbitrary measures and violations committed against the accused, especially in political cases, by judicial authorities and law enforcement personnel. Such measures violate rights guaranteed by the Constitution and International Conventions from the moment of arrest, through the process of investigation and trial, and until the accused is sentenced, after all litigation procedures established by Egyptian law are exhausted..

The Egyptian authorities must uphold their legal obligation to protect the rights of children, in particular those arrested or detained, said Amnesty International and the Egyptian Front for Human Rights on World Children’s day. Egyptian security forces have forcibly disappeared at least 12 and physically tortured at least six children since 2015 in relation to political cases. Prison officials have failed to separate children from adults in places of detention, while both civilian and military courts regularly prosecuted and sentenced children along with adults in military trials and even sentenced at least three to death.

The first half of year 2018 has witnessed exacerbating apprehension and detention of politicians, journalists,…